What Dr. Bchamp is describing is a foundational concept.
According to his experiments and observations, these tiny particles he named 'microzymas' have an active role in sustaining and also in terminating life. Using the syllable '-zyme' (now also used in the word 'enzyme') to indicate this principle of causing 'fermentation' (activity) Bchamp searched for and found the same particles and activity even in limestone, apparently from the ancient shelled creatures whose bodies were incorporated into the stone. They still retained their activity. The only factor that stopped these particles was heat.
As Dr. Bchamp expressed it, "Life is the prey of life" i.e. as the organizing life-principle of a complex body ceases to operate, the microzymas take up their role of breaking it down and returning its elements to nature to be taken up by other life forms.
Unfortunately Pasteur first tried to steal Bchamp's work, then when he objected, Pasteur set out to use his political clout to destroy the career and reputation of the great French doctor. This is why we don't hear much about this alternative school of science.
A complete history of this scientific and political conflict was written early in the 20th century, by a woman doing meticulous research into the historical records of the French Academy of Science. Please see Bechamp or Pasteur?: A Lost Chapter in the History of Biology by Ethel Hume. Her book is another must-read for grasping the significance of this concept and why certain interests wanted it deleted from the scientific record.
The same discovery of tiny active particles was repeated in the 20th century, first by Royal Rife using a very complex microscope to observe the particles changing into four different types. Later, working independently and with a different powerful microscope of his own invention, the French scientist Gaston Naessens observed these particles morph into sixteen different forms including bacterial and fungal. The significance of this is that what we think of as pathogens are not necessarily 'infectious' (or 'exogenous', or from outside), but can be 'endogenous' (from within).
Christopher Bird's detailed account of this concept which has been named "pleomorphism" - and which is still being attacked by the chemical-based medical authorities - is in his very instructive book The Persecution and Trial of Gaston Naessens: The True Story of the Efforts to Suppress an Alternative Treatment for Cancer, AIDS, and Other Immunologically Based Diseases.
Like Ethel Hume, the late Christopher Bird was fluent in French, and attended the French-language trial in Quebec. A version of this story in French is titled Le Galile du microscope" (Galileo of the Microscope). In reference to the infamous behaviour of Galileo's critics who refused to look into his telescope, the critics of Naessens refused to look through this powerful microscope that could resolve images in angstrom resolution, without first killing or staining the samples.
As the science of "psychoneuroimmunology" begins to gain traction in clinical practice, I entertain the hope that the role of the endogenous (driven by the psyche) aspects of dis-ease will become more respected. (For a detailed account of that field of understanding I'd recommend reading Dr. Gabor Mat's book When the Body Says No (also in print).)
Then perhaps Bchamp may be restored to the status he deserves as a medical pioneer far ahead of his time.