Warbands and social groups

The territorial competition between different Celtic groups from the late third century BC onwards led to processes of social cohesion and political integration, with the union of different groups, that Caesar called pagi (sing. pagus), which in turn grouped together different kin groups. The Latin word pagus seems to correspond to the Celtic corios, the etymology of which derives from the IndoEuropean root *ko-wiriyos, “gathering of men” or “gathering of warriors”, indicating a military character. The pagus/corios functioned as a political community of ethnic nature, and the integration of several of these generated a larger structure, that Caesar calls civitas, which seems to have corresponded to the Celtic word touta, “the people”. It was in this context of increasing political integration when institutions such as the councils and the popular assemblies…

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Ancient Warfare (Digital) - 1 Issue, AW XVII.2

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